J'ai des problèmes avec le routage de TOUT le trafic Windows à travers le tunnel OpenVPN et j'ai essayé de résoudre ce problème pendant des heures. Cependant, la plupart des conseils à ce sujet n'ont pas aidé dans ma situation.
J'ai installé OpenVPN avec succès sur deux machines Windows. Les réseaux du serveur et du client sont connectés par des routes statiques et peuvent se pinguer mutuellement avec succès. Les pare-feu de Windows sont désactivés. La connexion est établie avec succès (je peux le voir à partir du GUI OpenVPN).
Le problème est de router TOUT le trafic à travers le tunnel OpenVPN. Lorsque j'essaie d'accéder à un serveur (pas le serveur OpenVPN, juste un serveur dans un autre réseau que j'utilise pour tester la connectivité) à partir d'un client VPN, il est possible de voir à travers Wireshark du côté du client que le trafic ne passe pas par le serveur OpenVPN, il va juste directement au serveur désiré. Ainsi, dans Wireshark, cela ressemble à ceci :
192.168.3.10 - 192.168.4.10 HTTP
192.168.4.10 - 192.168.3.10 HTTPSi je comprends bien, si je capture à partir de l'interface physique du client, je devrais voir le trafic envoyé non pas au serveur souhaité (192.168.4.10) à partir de l'ip de l'interface physique (192.168.3.10), mais au serveur VPN (10.8.0.1). Donc, cette sortie signifie probablement que le routage ne fonctionne pas comme il le devrait. Dans l'interface vpn du client, je ne vois que des paquets llmnr, ce qui signifie probablement que le tunnel n'est pas utilisé pour le trafic réel.
Je peux effectuer avec succès un ping du serveur VPN vers le client et dans le sens inverse à travers le tunnel VPN.
J'ai essayé de conseiller d'ajouter push "redirect-gateway def1" et au serveur, pour le remplacer par juste redirect-gateway def1 . J'ai également essayé de l'ajouter à la configuration du client, mais cela n'a pas fonctionné non plus. J'ai également utilisé l'option Guide officiel OpenVPN sur cette question mais ça n'a pas aidé non plus.
La configuration de mon serveur ressemble à ceci :
# Which local IP address should OpenVPN
# listen on? (optional)
;local a.b.c.d
# Which TCP/UDP port should OpenVPN listen on?
# If you want to run multiple OpenVPN instances
# on the same machine, use a different port
# number for each one. You will need to
# open up this port on your firewall.
port 1194
# TCP or UDP server?
#;proto tcp
proto udp
# "dev tun" will create a routed IP tunnel,
# "dev tap" will create an ethernet tunnel.
# Use "dev tap0" if you are ethernet bridging
# and have precreated a tap0 virtual interface
# and bridged it with your ethernet interface.
# If you want to control access policies
# over the VPN, you must create firewall
# rules for the the TUN/TAP interface.
# On non-Windows systems, you can give
# an explicit unit number, such as tun0.
# On Windows, use "dev-node" for this.
# On most systems, the VPN will not function
# unless you partially or fully disable
# the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface.
;dev tap
dev tun
# Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name
# from the Network Connections panel if you
# have more than one. On XP SP2 or higher,
# you may need to selectively disable the
# Windows firewall for the TAP adapter.
# Non-Windows systems usually don't need this.
;dev-node MyTap
# SSL/TLS root certificate (ca), certificate
# (cert), and private key (key). Each client
# and the server must have their own cert and
# key file. The server and all clients will
# use the same ca file.
#
# See the "easy-rsa" directory for a series
# of scripts for generating RSA certificates
# and private keys. Remember to use
# a unique Common Name for the server
# and each of the client certificates.
#
# Any X509 key management system can be used.
# OpenVPN can also use a PKCS #12 formatted key file
# (see "pkcs12" directive in man page).
ca "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\ca.crt"
cert "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\server.crt"
key "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\server.key" # This file should be kept secret
# Diffie hellman parameters.
# Generate your own with:
# openssl dhparam -out dh1024.pem 1024
# Substitute 2048 for 1024 if you are using
# 2048 bit keys.
dh dh2048.pem
# Configure server mode and supply a VPN subnet
# for OpenVPN to draw client addresses from.
# The server will take 10.8.0.1 for itself,
# the rest will be made available to clients.
# Each client will be able to reach the server
# on 10.8.0.1. Comment this line out if you are
# ethernet bridging. See the man page for more info.
server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0
# Maintain a record of client <-> virtual IP address
# associations in this file. If OpenVPN goes down or
# is restarted, reconnecting clients can be assigned
# the same virtual IP address from the pool that was
# previously assigned.
ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt
# Configure server mode for ethernet bridging.
# You must first use your OS's bridging capability
# to bridge the TAP interface with the ethernet
# NIC interface. Then you must manually set the
# IP/netmask on the bridge interface, here we
# assume 10.8.0.4/255.255.255.0. Finally we
# must set aside an IP range in this subnet
# (start=10.8.0.50 end=10.8.0.100) to allocate
# to connecting clients. Leave this line commented
# out unless you are ethernet bridging.
#;server-bridge 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.50 10.8.0.100
# Configure server mode for ethernet bridging
# using a DHCP-proxy, where clients talk
# to the OpenVPN server-side DHCP server
# to receive their IP address allocation
# and DNS server addresses. You must first use
# your OS's bridging capability to bridge the TAP
# interface with the ethernet NIC interface.
# Note: this mode only works on clients (such as
# Windows), where the client-side TAP adapter is
# bound to a DHCP client.
#;server-bridge
# Push routes to the client to allow it
# to reach other private subnets behind
# the server. Remember that these
# private subnets will also need
# to know to route the OpenVPN client
# address pool (10.8.0.0/255.255.255.0)
# back to the OpenVPN server.
;push "route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0"
;push "route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0"
# To assign specific IP addresses to specific
# clients or if a connecting client has a private
# subnet behind it that should also have VPN access,
# use the subdirectory "ccd" for client-specific
# configuration files (see man page for more info).
# EXAMPLE: Suppose the client
# having the certificate common name "Thelonious"
# also has a small subnet behind his connecting
# machine, such as 192.168.40.128/255.255.255.248.
# First, uncomment out these lines:
;client-config-dir ccd
;route 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248
# Then create a file ccd/Thelonious with this line:
# iroute 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248
# This will allow Thelonious' private subnet to
# access the VPN. This example will only work
# if you are routing, not bridging, i.e. you are
# using "dev tun" and "server" directives.
# EXAMPLE: Suppose you want to give
# Thelonious a fixed VPN IP address of 10.9.0.1.
# First uncomment out these lines:
;client-config-dir ccd
;route 10.9.0.0 255.255.255.252
# Then add this line to ccd/Thelonious:
# ifconfig-push 10.9.0.1 10.9.0.2
# Suppose that you want to enable different
# firewall access policies for different groups
# of clients. There are two methods:
# (1) Run multiple OpenVPN daemons, one for each
# group, and firewall the TUN/TAP interface
# for each group/daemon appropriately.
# (2) (Advanced) Create a script to dynamically
# modify the firewall in response to access
# from different clients. See man
# page for more info on learn-address script.
;learn-address ./script
# If enabled, this directive will configure
# all clients to redirect their default
# network gateway through the VPN, causing
# all IP traffic such as web browsing and
# and DNS lookups to go through the VPN
# (The OpenVPN server machine may need to NAT
# or bridge the TUN/TAP interface to the internet
# in order for this to work properly).
#;push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp"
;push "dhcp-option DNS 10.8.0.1"
# Certain Windows-specific network settings
# can be pushed to clients, such as DNS
# or WINS server addresses. CAVEAT:
# http://openvpn.net/faq.html#dhcpcaveats
# The addresses below refer to the public
# DNS servers provided by opendns.com.
;push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.222"
;push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.220.220"
;push "dhcp-option DNS 10.8.0.1"
# Uncomment this directive to allow different
# clients to be able to "see" each other.
# By default, clients will only see the server.
# To force clients to only see the server, you
# will also need to appropriately firewall the
# server's TUN/TAP interface.
;client-to-client
# Uncomment this directive if multiple clients
# might connect with the same certificate/key
# files or common names. This is recommended
# only for testing purposes. For production use,
# each client should have its own certificate/key
# pair.
#
# IF YOU HAVE NOT GENERATED INDIVIDUAL
# CERTIFICATE/KEY PAIRS FOR EACH CLIENT,
# EACH HAVING ITS OWN UNIQUE "COMMON NAME",
# UNCOMMENT THIS LINE OUT.
;duplicate-cn
# The keepalive directive causes ping-like
# messages to be sent back and forth over
# the link so that each side knows when
# the other side has gone down.
# Ping every 10 seconds, assume that remote
# peer is down if no ping received during
# a 120 second time period.
keepalive 10 120
# For extra security beyond that provided
# by SSL/TLS, create an "HMAC firewall"
# to help block DoS attacks and UDP port flooding.
#
# Generate with:
# openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key
#
# The server and each client must have
# a copy of this key.
# The second parameter should be '0'
# on the server and '1' on the clients.
;tls-auth ta.key 0 # This file is secret
# Select a cryptographic cipher.
# This config item must be copied to
# the client config file as well.
;cipher BF-CBC # Blowfish (default)
;cipher AES-128-CBC # AES
;cipher DES-EDE3-CBC # Triple-DES
# Enable compression on the VPN link.
# If you enable it here, you must also
# enable it in the client config file.
comp-lzo
# The maximum number of concurrently connected
# clients we want to allow.
;max-clients 100
# It's a good idea to reduce the OpenVPN
# daemon's privileges after initialization.
#
# You can uncomment this out on
# non-Windows systems.
;user nobody
;group nobody
# The persist options will try to avoid
# accessing certain resources on restart
# that may no longer be accessible because
# of the privilege downgrade.
persist-key
persist-tun
# Output a short status file showing
# current connections, truncated
# and rewritten every minute.
status openvpn-status.log
# By default, log messages will go to the syslog (or
# on Windows, if running as a service, they will go to
# the "\Program Files\OpenVPN\log" directory).
# Use log or log-append to override this default.
# "log" will truncate the log file on OpenVPN startup,
# while "log-append" will append to it. Use one
# or the other (but not both).
;log openvpn.log
;log-append openvpn.log
# Set the appropriate level of log
# file verbosity.
#
# 0 is silent, except for fatal errors
# 4 is reasonable for general usage
# 5 and 6 can help to debug connection problems
# 9 is extremely verbose
verb 3
# Silence repeating messages. At most 20
# sequential messages of the same message
# category will be output to the log.
;mute 20Voici la configuration du client :
# Specify that we are a client and that we
# will be pulling certain config file directives
# from the server.
client
# Use the same setting as you are using on
# the server.
# On most systems, the VPN will not function
# unless you partially or fully disable
# the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface.
;dev tap
dev tun
# Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name
# from the Network Connections panel
# if you have more than one. On XP SP2,
# you may need to disable the firewall
# for the TAP adapter.
;dev-node MyTap
# Are we connecting to a TCP or
# UDP server? Use the same setting as
# on the server.
#;proto tcp
proto udp
# The hostname/IP and port of the server.
# You can have multiple remote entries
# to load balance between the servers.
remote 192.168.2.10 1194
#;remote my-server-2 1194
# Choose a random host from the remote
# list for load-balancing. Otherwise
# try hosts in the order specified.
;remote-random
# Keep trying indefinitely to resolve the
# host name of the OpenVPN server. Very useful
# on machines which are not permanently connected
# to the internet such as laptops.
resolv-retry infinite
# Most clients don't need to bind to
# a specific local port number.
nobind
# Downgrade privileges after initialization (non-Windows only)
;user nobody
;group nobody
# Try to preserve some state across restarts.
persist-key
persist-tun
# If you are connecting through an
# HTTP proxy to reach the actual OpenVPN
# server, put the proxy server/IP and
# port number here. See the man page
# if your proxy server requires
# authentication.
;http-proxy-retry # retry on connection failures
;http-proxy [proxy server] [proxy port #]
# Wireless networks often produce a lot
# of duplicate packets. Set this flag
# to silence duplicate packet warnings.
;mute-replay-warnings
# SSL/TLS parms.
# See the server config file for more
# description. It's best to use
# a separate .crt/.key file pair
# for each client. A single ca
# file can be used for all clients.
ca "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\ca.crt"
cert "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\client2.crt"
key "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\config\\client2.key"
# Verify server certificate by checking
# that the certicate has the nsCertType
# field set to "server". This is an
# important precaution to protect against
# a potential attack discussed here:
# http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm
#
# To use this feature, you will need to generate
# your server certificates with the nsCertType
# field set to "server". The build-key-server
# script in the easy-rsa folder will do this.
ns-cert-type server
# If a tls-auth key is used on the server
# then every client must also have the key.
;tls-auth ta.key 1
# Select a cryptographic cipher.
# If the cipher option is used on the server
# then you must also specify it here.
;cipher x
# Enable compression on the VPN link.
# Don't enable this unless it is also
# enabled in the server config file.
comp-lzo
# Set log file verbosity.
verb 3
# Silence repeating messages
;mute 20
;redirect-gateway def1Une fois le client connecté, il affiche ce journal qui semble indiquer que la route a été configurée avec succès :
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 OpenVPN 2.1.3 i686-pc-mingw32 [SSL] [LZO2] [PKCS11] built on Aug 20 2010
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 NOTE: OpenVPN 2.1 requires '--script-security 2' or higher to call user-defined scripts or executables
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 LZO compression initialized
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ]
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 Socket Buffers: R=[65536->65536] S=[65536->65536]
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ]
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '41690919'
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '530fdded'
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 UDPv4 link local: [undef]
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 UDPv4 link remote: 192.168.2.10:1194
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 TLS: Initial packet from 192.168.2.10:1194, sid=6a402021 851404f4
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=FI/ST=CA/L=Mikkeli/O=OpenVPN-CA/OU=MyOrganizationalUnit/CN=OpanVPN-CA/name=EasyRSA/emailAddress=me@myhost.mydomain
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 VERIFY OK: nsCertType=SERVER
Tue Aug 11 13:12:48 2015 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=FI/ST=CA/L=Mikkeli/O=OpenVPN-CA/OU=MyOrganizationalUnit/CN=server/name=EasyRSA/emailAddress=me@myhost.mydomain
Tue Aug 11 13:12:49 2015 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key
Tue Aug 11 13:12:49 2015 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Tue Aug 11 13:12:49 2015 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key
Tue Aug 11 13:12:49 2015 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication
Tue Aug 11 13:12:49 2015 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 2048 bit RSA
Tue Aug 11 13:12:49 2015 [server] Peer Connection Initiated with 192.168.2.10:1194
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 SENT CONTROL [server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1)
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route 10.8.0.1,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5'
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 ROUTE default_gateway=192.168.3.1
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 TAP-WIN32 device [Local Area Connection 2] opened: \\.\Global\{DA7613B2-C24F-408D-B0D7-829D07CFC698}.tap
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 TAP-Win32 Driver Version 9.7
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 TAP-Win32 MTU=1500
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 Notified TAP-Win32 driver to set a DHCP IP/netmask of 10.8.0.6/255.255.255.252 on interface {DA7613B2-C24F-408D-B0D7-829D07CFC698} [DHCP-serv: 10.8.0.5, lease-time: 31536000]
Tue Aug 11 13:12:52 2015 Successful ARP Flush on interface [29] {DA7613B2-C24F-408D-B0D7-829D07CFC698}
Tue Aug 11 13:12:57 2015 TEST ROUTES: 1/1 succeeded len=1 ret=1 a=0 u/d=up
Tue Aug 11 13:12:57 2015 C:\WINDOWS\system32\route.exe ADD 10.8.0.1 MASK 255.255.255.255 10.8.0.5
Tue Aug 11 13:12:57 2015 ROUTE: CreateIpForwardEntry succeeded with dwForwardMetric1=30 and dwForwardType=4
Tue Aug 11 13:12:57 2015 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive]
Tue Aug 11 13:12:57 2015 Initialization Sequence CompletedEt voici la table de routage du PC client :
C:\Windows\System32>route print
===========================================================================
Interface List
29...00 ff da 76 13 b2 ......TAP-Win32 Adapter V9
12...f8 1a 67 04 6a cb ......Realtek PCI GBE Family Controller
1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1
17...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2
16...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter
===========================================================================
IPv4 Route Table
===========================================================================
Active Routes:
Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.10 276
10.8.0.1 255.255.255.255 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30
10.8.0.4 255.255.255.252 On-link 10.8.0.6 286
10.8.0.6 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286
10.8.0.7 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286
127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.3.10 276
192.168.3.10 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.3.10 276
192.168.3.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.3.10 276
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.8.0.6 286
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.3.10 276
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.3.10 276
===========================================================================
Persistent Routes:
Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1 Default
===========================================================================
IPv6 Route Table
===========================================================================
Active Routes:
If Metric Network Destination Gateway
12 276 ::/0 2001:a1b1:442e:1323::9
1 306 ::1/128 On-link
12 276 2001:a1b1:442e:1323::/64 On-link
12 276 2001:a1b1:442e:1323::4/128
On-link
29 286 fe80::/64 On-link
12 276 fe80::/64 On-link
29 286 fe80::8df8:71fc:fc47:ccf3/128
On-link
12 276 fe80::90c7:c659:f96c:781d/128
On-link
1 306 ff00::/8 On-link
29 286 ff00::/8 On-link
12 276 ff00::/8 On-link
===========================================================================
Persistent Routes:
If Metric Network Destination Gateway
0 4294967295 ::/0 2001:a1b1:442e:1323::9
===========================================================================Je vous serai très reconnaissant pour votre aide
